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Abstract
Evidence has accumulated that adult tissues contain developmentally early
stem cells that remain in a dormant state as well as stem cells that are more
proliferative, supplying tissue-specific progenitor cells and thus playing a
more active role in the turnover of adult tissues. Interestingly, evidence has
accumulated in parallel that these most primitive, dormant, adult stem cells
are regulated by epigenetic changes in the expression of certain parentally
imprinted genes, a molecular phenomenon previously described for keeping
primordial germ cells in a quiescent state. Specifically, the most primitive
quiescent stem cells in bone marrow that can be committed to the hematopoi-
etic lineage show erasure of imprinting at the Igf2–H19 locus, which keeps
them in a quiescent state in a similar manner as primordial germ cells. Similar
changes in expression of parentally imprinted genes may also play a role in
the quiescence of dormant adult stem cells present in other non-hematopoietic
tissues. However, this possibility requires further study
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